正面：emperor

US：[ˈɛmpɚɚ]

UK：[ˈempərə]

释义：n.皇帝；帝王网络帝王或太子；天皇；国王

分布：emperor[ˈempərə(r)]CET4CET6TEM4考研n71685008232139513006251456NOUN5276171935Spoken:184122689emperors[1194]皇帝(100%)n.皇帝，君主

中文释义：emperor noun /ˈempərə(r)/ /ˈempərər/ Idioms the ruler of an empire皇帝the Roman emperors古罗马皇帝the Emperor Napoleon拿破仑皇帝 see also empressExtra ExamplesIt was under the emperor Justinian that these advances were made.during the reign of the last emperorIt is the tomb of the first real emperor of China, Emperor Qin Shi Huang.Topics Historyb2, People in societyb2Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjectivereigningfuturelate…verb + emperorbebecomecrown somebody…prepositionunder an/​the emperoremperor ofphrasesthe reign of an emperorSee full entryWord OriginMiddle English (especially representing the title given to the head of the Roman Empire): from Old French emperere, from Latin imperator ‘military commander’, from imperare ‘to command’, from in- ‘towards’ + parare ‘prepare, contrive’. Idioms the emperor's new clothes (also the emperor has no clothes)used to describe a situation in which everybody suddenly realizes that they were wrong to believe that somebody/something was very good, important, etc.原来皇帝没有穿衣服；恍然大悟；如梦初醒Is this artist's white canvas a case of the emperor's new clothes or is it something beautiful, even moving?Soon investors will realize that the emperor has no clothes and there will be a big sell-off in stocks.投资者很快会了解事实真相，股票将被大肆抛售。

断词：em‧pe‧ror

词源： emperor  1 emperor（皇帝）：帝国的最高统治者很多人区分不了单词emperor（皇帝）和king（国王）的差异。英语单词emperor（皇帝）源自拉丁语imperiator，意思是“指挥官”。最开始只是罗马军队对成功的将军的一个封号，后来被长老院用在凯撒，屋大维和他们的继承人身上。西罗马帝国灭亡后，教皇曾经封法兰克国王查理曼为罗马帝国的emperor，但只是一个虚名。随后主要由德意志诸侯国组成的神圣罗马帝国继承了西罗马帝国的衣钵，所以神圣罗马帝国也有emperor，从各个德意志诸侯国的国王中推选出。东罗马帝国也使用emperor这个头衔。欧洲历史上后来只有拿破仑建立的法兰西第一帝国使用了emperor这个头衔。由此可见，emperor指的是由多个民族和国家组成的帝国的最高统治者，并常常特指罗马帝国的皇帝。一般国家的国王都是king而不是emperor。emperor： ['emp(ə)rə] n.皇帝，君主empire： ['empaɪə]n.帝国imperial： [ɪm'pɪərɪəl]adj.帝国的，皇帝的，至高无上的  2 emperor：皇帝em-, 进入，使。-per, 命令，使准备，词源同prepare. 即使所有人听候命令，听候差遣的人。参照king, 词源同kin, 原指一个家庭或一个氏族的首领。  3 emperor：皇帝词源解释详见empire词条。 同源词：prepare, empire, imperial, imperious, imperative

辨析：

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：1

中文释义2：

正面：exact

US：[ɪɡˈzækt]

UK：[ɪɡˈzækt]

释义：adj.精确的；准确的；严谨的；严格的v.要求；索取；迫使；强迫网络确切的；精密的；真确

分布：exact[ɪgˈzækt]exacted, exacting, exactsCET4CET6TEM4考研GRETOEFLv1385289498143251150252j3363944620611944208011552206ADJ2122637410VERB1656019666Spoken:175324435exacting[396]确切的(96%)，精密严谨的(4%)adj.准确的，精密的；精确的vt.要求；强求；急需vi.勒索钱财

中文释义：exact adjective  /ɪɡˈzækt/ /ɪɡˈzækt/   correct in every detail精确的；准确的 synonym preciseThe new palace is an exact replica of the original building.It is an exact copy of the original document.The model is exact in every detail. For now they are keeping the exact date and location of the wedding a secret.The exact nature of her illness (= precisely what her illness is) has not been made public.Her second husband was the exact opposite of her first (= completely different).她的第二任丈夫与第一任截然不同。The colours were an almost exact match.She's in her mid-thirties—thirty-six to be exact.她三十五岁左右，确切地说是三十六岁。 (informal) I had the exact same problem as you when I first started.What were his exact words?他的原话是什么？A clear definition requires very exact wording.Nobody knows the exact number of people affected, but it is over 10 000. He started to phone me at the exact moment I started to phone him (= at the same time).他给我拨电话时，我也正好在给他拨电话。Extra ExamplesWe need to know the exact time the incident occurred.我们需要了解事情发生的确切时间。She gave an exact description of the attacker.她对袭击者的特征作了精确的描述。The two men were exact contemporaries at university. (of people人) very accurate and careful about details严谨的；严格的；一丝不苟的 synonym meticulous, preciseHe was very exact about everything he did. (of a science科学) using accurate measurements and following set rules精密的；严密的 synonym preciseAssessing insurance risk can never be an exact science.估定承保的风险永远不会成为一门精确的科学。 Word Originlate Middle English (as a verb): from Latin exact- ‘completed, ascertained, enforced’, from the verb exigere, from ex- ‘thoroughly’ + agere ‘perform’. The adjective dates from the mid 16th cent. and reflects the Latin exactus ‘precise’.exact verb /ɪɡˈzækt/ /ɪɡˈzækt/(formal)Verb Forms present simple I / you / we / they exact /ɪɡˈzækt/ /ɪɡˈzækt/ he / she / it exacts /ɪɡˈzækts/ /ɪɡˈzækts/ past simple exacted /ɪɡˈzæktɪd/ /ɪɡˈzæktɪd/ past participle exacted /ɪɡˈzæktɪd/ /ɪɡˈzæktɪd/ -ing form exacting /ɪɡˈzæktɪŋ/ /ɪɡˈzæktɪŋ/ exact something (from somebody) to demand and get something from somebody要求；索取She was determined to exact a promise from him.她决意要他作出许诺。No doubt they will exact payment in due course. to make something bad happen to somebody迫使；强迫；强求 exact something He exacted (= took) a terrible revenge for their treatment of him.他因受他们的虐待而痛加报复。 exact something from somebody Stress can exact a high price from workers (= can affect them badly).压力可能迫使工人付出昂贵的代价。 Word Originlate Middle English (as a verb): from Latin exact- ‘completed, ascertained, enforced’, from the verb exigere, from ex- ‘thoroughly’ + agere ‘perform’. The adjective dates from the mid 16th cent. and reflects the Latin exactus ‘precise’.

断词：ex‧act

词源： exact  1 exact：精确的ex-, 向外。-act, 做，驱使，称量，词源同act, examine, exigent. 即称量的，精确要求的。  2 exact：确切的，精确的词根词缀： ex-出 + -act-行为(的结果) ←→ 事实,引申义：源于事实

辨析： correct, accurate, exact, true, right, precise 这组词都有“准确的，正确的”的意思，其区别是： correct: 最常用词，主要指按一定标准或规则来衡量，没有谬误和差错或无缺点错误。 accurate: 指通过谨慎的努力达到符合事实或实际，侧重不同程度的准确性，与事实无出入。 exact: 着重在质与量方面的准确，语气比accurate强。 true: 暗指绝对准确，尤指复制品与原件丝毫不差。 right: 使用广泛，可与这些词中的correct换用，但常暗示道德、理解、行动等方面的正确。 precise: 侧重极端准确，更强调细节的精确无误。

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：2

中文释义2：

正面：traditional

US：[trəˈdɪʃənəl]

UK：[trəˈdɪʃənl]

释义：adj.传统的；习俗的；惯例的；因袭的网络习惯的；传说的；繁体

分布：traditional[trəˈdɪʃənl]CET4CET6TEM4j926467713580130610975909621814ADJ10301513212Spoken:297810946传统的(100%)adj.传统的；惯例的

中文释义：traditional adjective OPAL WOPAL S /trəˈdɪʃənl/ /trəˈdɪʃənl/   being part of the beliefs, customs or way of life of a particular group of people, that have not changed for a long time传统的；习俗的；惯例的traditional dress/music/art/culture/danceIt's traditional in America to eat turkey on Thanksgiving Day.感恩节时吃火鸡是美国的传统。traditional values/practices/beliefsAcupuncture has long been a part of traditional Chinese medicine. Janet makes cheese by traditional methods. Cinema poses a threat to traditional art forms.Extra ExamplesHaggis is a traditional Scottish dish.Most of the buildings are in the traditional style.The band plays traditional Celtic music.They watched the Emperor perform the traditional ceremonies.Oxford Collocations Dictionaryverbsbebecomeadverbextremelyfairlyvery…See full entry   (sometimes disapproving) following older methods and ideas rather than modern or different ones传统的；因袭的；守旧的 synonym conventionala traditional method/way of doing somethingtraditional methods of teaching传统的教学方法a traditional approach/viewTheir marriage is very traditional.他们的婚姻十分守旧。the traditional female role of homemakerHe was raised in a traditional patriarchal family.Extra ExamplesCandidates may use traditional book format dictionaries or electronic ones.I'm a very traditional guy.She had a very traditional ambition: to marry her childhood sweetheart.The artists wanted to break with traditional conventions.Traditional attitudes to divorce were changing.Topics Buildingsa2Oxford Collocations Dictionaryverbsbebecomeadverbextremelyfairlyvery…See full entry

断词：tra‧di‧tion‧al

词源： traditional  1 traditional：传统的，守旧的tradition,传统，-al,形容词后缀。  2 traditional：传统的，守旧的tradition,传统，-al,形容词后缀。

辨析：

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：3

中文释义2：

正面：lack

US：[læk]

UK：[læk]

释义：v.缺乏；没有；不足；短缺n.缺乏；短缺；匮乏网络缺少；欠缺

分布：lack[læk]lacked, lacking, lacksCET4CET6TEM4考研IELTSn123335000371228356433670715313v19881973711452100517639627354NOUN14681004392VERB2456531849Spoken:150929733lacked[1854] lacking[3901] lacks[2836]缺乏(77%)，不足(13%)，无(10%)vt.缺乏；不足；没有；需要vi.缺乏；不足；没有n.缺乏；不足n.(Lack)人名；(老)拉；(英、法、意、葡、匈)拉克；(匈)洛克

中文释义：lack noun OPAL W /læk/ /læk/[uncountable, singular]Idioms the state of not having something or not having enough of something缺乏；匮乏；短缺 synonym dearth, shortage lack of something a lack of understanding/knowledgePassengers complained about the lack of information when flights were cancelled.Her enthusiasm compensated for her apparent lack of experience.He was suffering from a complete lack of confidence.There was no lack of volunteers.志愿者不乏其人。 because of a lack of something The project was abandoned because of a total lack of support. due to (a) lack of something He was released due to lack of evidence. through lack of something The trip was cancelled through lack of interest.因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。 despite the lack of something Fans of classic comedy should be happy with this disc, despite the lack of extras.Money and the fear of its lack are present in many of his poems.Extra ExamplesShe showed a distinct lack of enthusiasm for the idea of becoming a mother.I've lost those skills through lack of practice.She thought she would collapse from lack of sleep.The situation was worsened by lack of communication.There is certainly no lack of interest in the subject.There was a distinct lack of urgency in his manner.a general lack of knowledge among the youngan abysmal lack of knowledgeOxford Collocations Dictionaryadjectiveprofoundserioussevere…prepositionby lack offor lack offrom lack of…phrasesno lack of somethingSee full entryWord OriginMiddle English: corresponding to, and perhaps partly from, Middle Dutch and Middle Low German lak ‘deficiency’, Middle Dutch laken ‘lack, blame’. Idioms not for want/lack of trying used to say that although somebody has not succeeded in something, they have tried very hard并非努力不够；已经尽力了They haven't won a game yet, but it isn't for want of trying.他们还没赢过一场比赛，但并不是由于拼劲不足。They lost the game, but not for lack of trying.Topics Difficulty and failurec2 lack verb OPAL W /læk/ /læk/[no passive]Verb Forms present simple I / you / we / they lack /læk/ /læk/ he / she / it lacks /læks/ /læks/ past simple lacked /lækt/ /lækt/ past participle lacked /lækt/ /lækt/ -ing form lacking /ˈlækɪŋ/ /ˈlækɪŋ/Idioms lack something to have none or not enough of something没有；缺乏；不足；短缺to lack confidence/experience/resources/powerThe team lacked the skill to compete at the highest level.She has the natural ability that her brother lacks. see also lackingExtra ExamplesHe lacks confidence.他缺乏信心。Some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms.有些住宅仍没有像卫生间这样的基本设施。He apparently lacked the desire to learn.Her high-heeled shoes gave her the height she otherwise lacked.His claim clearly lacked conviction.His life seemed to lack direction.Perhaps you simply lack the intelligence to realize just how serious this is?She completely lacks confidence.What they lack in talent, they make up for in conviction.Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverbreallycompletelyentirely…verb + lackappear toseem toprepositioninSee full entryWord OriginMiddle English: corresponding to, and perhaps partly from, Middle Dutch and Middle Low German lak ‘deficiency’, Middle Dutch laken ‘lack, blame’. Idioms have/lack the courage of your convictions to be/not be brave enough to do what you feel to be right有／没有勇气做自己认为正确的事You need to have the courage of your convictions.Topics Personal qualitiesc2 lack (for) nothing (formal) to have everything that you need没有欠缺As the only child of wealthy parents, he lacked for nothing.

断词：lack

词源： lacklack：缺乏来自PIE*leg,滴，渗透，词源同leak.引申词义短缺，缺陷，缺乏。

辨析： need, require, lack, want 这组词都有“缺少、短少”的意思，其区别是： need: 语气较重，指需要必不可少的东西，强调急需。 require: 使用广泛，语气较轻。强调急需时可与need换用，但有时暗示所需的人或物是完成某一任务必不可少的。 lack: 指完全短缺或数量不足。 want: 侧重缺少某种必需之物，或个人渴望得到的东西。 shortage, absence, scarcity, lack, want 这组词都有“缺乏，不足”的意思，其区别是： shortage: 指不足，但侧重达不到规定的，需要的或已知应有的数量。 absence: 指某物根本不存在或完全短缺，或某人虽存在，但未到现场。 scarcity: 指产量不足或缺乏某物难以应付或满足需要。 lack: 普通用词，指部分或完全的不足。 want: 指完全或短缺某物，侧重缺少之物是必需的东西。使用范围比lack窄些。

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：4

中文释义2：

正面：pardon

US：[ˈpɑrdn]

UK：[ˈpɑ:dn]

释义：n.原谅；赦免；宽恕；特赦int.对不起；抱歉；请再说一遍v.赦免；特赦；原谅（表示礼貌时常用的词语）网络请再说一遍好吗；饶恕

分布：pardon[ˈpɑ:dn]pardoned, pardoning, pardonsCET4CET6TEM4考研v102861672765459151190107n796927441193880195333143NOUN1288933106VERB1433926652Spoken:204519524pardoned[1034] pardons[599]原谅(100%)n.原谅；赦免；宽恕vt.原谅；赦免；宽恕n.(Pardon)人名；(德、法、捷)帕尔东

中文释义：pardon exclamation /ˈpɑːdn/ /ˈpɑːrdn/ (also pardon me especially in North American English) used to ask somebody to repeat something because you did not hear it or did not understand it（用于请求别人重复某事）什么，请再说一遍‘You're very quiet today.’ ‘Pardon?’ ‘I said you're very quiet today.’“你今天话很少啊。” “什么？” “我说你今天话很少。” (also pardon me) used by some people to say ‘sorry’ when they have said or done something wrong, usually by accident （为偶尔的冒失响声或过失表示歉意）对不起Word OriginMiddle English: from Old French pardun (noun), pardoner (verb), from medieval Latin perdonare ‘concede, remit’, from per- ‘completely’ + donare ‘give’.pardon noun /ˈpɑːdn/ /ˈpɑːrdn/ Idioms (British English also free pardon) [countable] (law法律) an official decision not to punish somebody for a crime, or to say that somebody is not guilty of a crime赦免；特赦to ask/grant/receive a pardon请求／准予／获得赦免a royal/presidential pardon皇家／总统特赦The government offered a free pardon to the rebels.Extra ExamplesShe asked for a pardon for her crime.The king issued a general pardon to all those involved in the rebellion.posthumous pardons granted to soldiers shot for cowardiceHe would soon be granted a pardon, returning to England a year later.They were released from prison yesterday as a result of a presidential pardon.Topics Law and justicec2Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjectivefullconditionalgeneral…verb + pardongive somebodygrant somebodyoffer somebody…prepositionpardon forSee full entry [uncountable] (formal) pardon (for something) the action of forgiving somebody for something原谅；宽恕 synonym forgivenessHe asked her pardon for having deceived her.他欺骗了她，向她请求原谅。Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjectivefullconditionalgeneral…verb + pardongive somebodygrant somebodyoffer somebody…prepositionpardon forSee full entry Word OriginMiddle English: from Old French pardun (noun), pardoner (verb), from medieval Latin perdonare ‘concede, remit’, from per- ‘completely’ + donare ‘give’.Idioms beg somebody’s pardon (formal, especially British English) to ask somebody to forgive you for something you have said or done请人原谅；向人道歉He returned to beg her pardon for his sudden outburst. I beg your pardon (formal) used to tell somebody that you are sorry for something you have said or done请原谅；对不起I beg your pardon, I thought that was my coat.对不起，我还以为那是我的外衣呢。 used to ask somebody to repeat what they have just said because you did not hear（未听清楚）请再说一遍‘It's on Duke Street.’ ‘I beg your pardon.’ ‘Duke Street.’“在公爵大街上。” “请再说一遍。” “公爵大街。” (British English) used to tell somebody that you are offended by what they have just said or by the way that they have said it（感到被冒犯时说）‘Just go away.’ ‘I beg your pardon!’“走开。” “你再说一遍！” pardon verb /ˈpɑːdn/ /ˈpɑːrdn/ not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时Verb Forms present simple I / you / we / they pardon /ˈpɑːdn/ /ˈpɑːrdn/ he / she / it pardons /ˈpɑːdnz/ /ˈpɑːrdnz/ past simple pardoned /ˈpɑːdnd/ /ˈpɑːrdnd/ past participle pardoned /ˈpɑːdnd/ /ˈpɑːrdnd/ -ing form pardoning /ˈpɑːdnɪŋ/ /ˈpɑːrdnɪŋ/Idioms pardon somebody to officially allow somebody who has been found guilty of a crime to leave prison and/or avoid punishment赦免；特赦She was pardoned after serving ten years of a life sentence.她被判终身监禁，服刑十年后被赦免了。Topics Law and justicec2 to forgive somebody for something they have said or done (used in many expressions when you want to be polite)原谅（表示礼貌时常用的词语） synonym excuse pardon something Pardon my ignorance, but what is a ‘duplex’?请原谅我无知，duplex 是什么呢？The place was, if you'll pardon the expression, a dump.那个地方，请恕我直言，简直是个垃圾场。 pardon somebody (for something/for doing something)You could be pardoned for thinking (= it is easy to understand why people think) that education is not the government's priority.人们认为政府没有优先考虑教育，这是不难理解的。Pardon me for interrupting you.对不起，打扰您了。 pardon somebody/sb's doing something Pardon my asking, but is that your husband?请原谅我多问，那位是您的先生吗？ Word OriginMiddle English: from Old French pardun (noun), pardoner (verb), from medieval Latin perdonare ‘concede, remit’, from per- ‘completely’ + donare ‘give’.Idioms excuse/pardon my French (informal) used to say that you are sorry for swearing请原谅我说脏话了；不好意思，我骂人了 pardon me (informal)(especially North American English) used to ask somebody to repeat something because you did not hear it or do not understand it（用于请别人重复某事）什么，请再说一次 used by some people to say ‘sorry’ when they have done something wrong or made a rude noise by accident 抱歉；对不起see also I beg your pardon pardon me for doing something used to show that you are upset or offended by the way that somebody has spoken to you（对别人的说话方式表示烦恼或生气）原谅我不得不做某事‘Oh, just shut up!’ ‘Well, pardon me for breathing!’“你给我闭嘴！” “嗬，不能让人不呼吸吧！”

断词：par‧don

词源： pardon  1 pardon：请原谅，赦免par,完全的，词源同per-,完全的，-don,给予，词源同donate.即完全的给予，引申词义赦免，免除惩罚，多用于感叹词”pardon me”,请原谅。  2 pardon：饶恕；原谅来源于拉丁语中由per-(完全,贯穿)和donare(给)组成的复合词perdonare(原谅,饶恕)。 词根词缀： per-完全,贯穿 + -don-给 → 全心全意地给

辨析： pardon, overlook, forgive, excuse 这组词都有“原谅”的意思，其区别是： pardon: 比excuse正式，指原谅或宽恕严重的过失或法律上的犯罪行为；在社会交场合则指对打搅他人表示歉意。 overlook: 语气较弱，指宽容或不计较无关大局的过失。 forgive: 侧重从心里宽恕某人，暗示放弃一切愤恨和要求报偿的权利。 excuse: 口语常用词，语气较轻。指原谅轻微的过错、疏忽或过失。

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：5

中文释义2：

正面：regent

US：[ˈridʒənt]

UK：[ˈri:dʒənt]

释义：n.摄政王；摄政者adj.摄政的；〈美〉担任(大学)评议员职位的；〈罕〉统治的网络丽晶；丽晶酒店；瑞金特

分布：regent['ri:dʒənt]TEM8GREn16131114885194166487216NOUN2082211762Spoken:68802763regents[473]摄政者(67%)，摄政的(33%)n.摄政王；摄政者；州立大学董事会董事；统治者adj.摄政的；统治的n.(Regent)人名；(英)雷金特；(捷)雷根特；(法)勒让

中文释义：regent noun /ˈriːdʒənt/ /ˈriːdʒənt/(also Regent) a person who rules a country because the king or queen is too young, old, ill, etc.摄政者；摄政王to act as regent担任摄政王Word Originlate Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin regent- ‘ruling’, from the verb regere.regent adjective /ˈriːdʒənt/ /ˈriːdʒənt/(also Regent) [after noun] used after a noun such as prince or queen to show that the prince or queen is ruling a country because the real king or queen is too young, old, ill, etc.摄政者；摄政王the Prince Regent摄政王

断词：re‧gent

词源： regentregent：摄政王reg-,国君，国王，词源同 regal,-ent,人。用于指摄政王。

辨析：

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：6

中文释义2：

正面：burgeon

US：[ˈbɚdʒən]

UK：[ˈbɜ:dʒən]

释义：v.激增；迅速发展n.嫩芽网络发芽；萌芽；急速成长

分布：burgeon[ˈbɜ:dʒən]burgeoned, burgeoning, burgeonsGRETOEFLIELTSv31058135127442736VERB51385775NOUN59958300Spoken:29928255burgeoning[255]发芽(32%)，芽(26%)，萌芽(24%)，嫩枝(14%)，迅速发展(4%)vt.萌芽, 发芽n.芽, 嫩枝vi.萌芽, 发芽

中文释义：burgeon verb /ˈbɜːdʒən/ /ˈbɜːrdʒən/[intransitive] (formal)Verb Forms present simple I / you / we / they burgeon /ˈbɜːdʒən/ /ˈbɜːrdʒən/ he / she / it burgeons /ˈbɜːdʒənz/ /ˈbɜːrdʒənz/ past simple burgeoned /ˈbɜːdʒənd/ /ˈbɜːrdʒənd/ past participle burgeoned /ˈbɜːdʒənd/ /ˈbɜːrdʒənd/ -ing form burgeoning /ˈbɜːdʒənɪŋ/ /ˈbɜːrdʒənɪŋ/ to begin to grow or develop rapidly激增；迅速发展A new wave of running clubs have burgeoned over the past decade.Manufacturers are keen to cash in on this burgeoning demand.The hedgerows had begun to burgeon with violets and primroses.Word OriginMiddle English: from Old French bourgeonner ‘put out buds’, from borjon ‘bud’, based on late Latin burra ‘wool’.

断词：bur‧geon

词源： burgeon  1 burgeon：激增bur, 蓓蕾，繁殖，来自bear, 生育。  2 burgeon：萌芽发音释义：['bɜːdʒ(ə)n] v.萌芽；发芽；迅速成长n.芽；嫩枝 词源解释：burgeon←古法语borjoner（萌芽）←borjon（芽、疙瘩） 助记窍门：burgeon→bulge（膨胀）+on→不断膨胀→萌芽 衍生词：burgeoning（生机勃勃的、增长迅速的）

辨析：

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：7

中文释义2：

正面：argue

US：[ˈɑrgju]

UK：[ˈɑ:ɡju:]

释义：v.争论；争辩；争吵；论证网络辩论；说服；主张

分布：argue[ˈɑ:gju:]argued, arguing, arguesCET4CET6TEM4考研IELTSv77854947814147549364977122917VERB1842756320Spoken:151329698argued[3715] argues[564] arguing[9817]争论(70%)，辩论(20%)，说服(10%)vi.争论，辩论；提出理由vt.辩论，争论；证明；说服n.(Argue)人名；(英、法)阿格

中文释义：argue verb OPAL WOPAL S /ˈɑːɡjuː/ /ˈɑːrɡjuː/Verb Forms present simple I / you / we / they argue /ˈɑːɡjuː/ /ˈɑːrɡjuː/ he / she / it argues /ˈɑːɡjuːz/ /ˈɑːrɡjuːz/ past simple argued /ˈɑːɡjuːd/ /ˈɑːrɡjuːd/ past participle argued /ˈɑːɡjuːd/ /ˈɑːrɡjuːd/ -ing form arguing /ˈɑːɡjuːɪŋ/ /ˈɑːrɡjuːɪŋ/Idioms Phrasal Verbs   [intransitive] to speak angrily to somebody because you disagree with them争论；争吵；争辩My brothers are always arguing.我的兄弟们总是争论不休。He's offering to pay so who am I to argue? argue with somebody about/over something We're always arguing with each other about money.我们总是为钱吵嘴。 argue about something I know it was a stupid thing to argue about. argue over something All families seem to argue over money. argue with somebody I don't want to argue with you—just do it!我不想和你争辩，干吧！Extra ExamplesShe's always arguing with her mother.They were arguing over who should have the car that day.Magda walked out of the room before her husband could argue back.Topics Opinion and argumenta2, Feelingsa2Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverbbitterlyfiercelyfuriously…prepositionaboutoverwith…See full entry   [intransitive, transitive] to give reasons why you think that something is right/wrong, true/not true, etc., especially to persuade people that you are right论证；说理；争辩 argue for/against something/doing something They argued for the right to strike.他们据理力争罢工权利。He argues persuasively against nationalism. argue something She argued the case for bringing back the death penalty.她为恢复死刑的主张提供论据。He was too tired to argue the point (= discuss the matter).他太倦了，不想讨论这个问题。a well-argued article凿凿有据的文章 argue that… Critics argue that Britain is not investing enough in broadband.It could be argued that laws are made by and for men.法律由人并为人制定的这一点颇有道理。He argued that they needed more time to finish the project.他提出理由说明他们需要更多的时间来完成该项目。His lawyer successfully argued that the punishment was excessive. Language Bank argueargueVerbs for reporting an opinion陈述观点的动词Some critics argue that Picasso remained a great master all his life.Others maintain that there is a significant deterioration in quality in his post-war work.Picasso himself claimed that good art is created, but great art is stolen.As Smith has noted, Picasso borrowed imagery from African art.As the author points out, Picasso borrowed imagery from African art.The writer challenges the notion that Picasso’s sculpture was secondary to his painting.It has been suggested that Picasso’s painting was influenced by jazz music.language bank at about, according toLanguage Bank neverthelessneverthelessConceding a point and making a counterargument承认一个观点的正确性，并提出一个对立的观点While the film is undoubtedly too long, it is nevertheless an intriguing piece of cinema.It can be argued that the movie is too long. It is nonetheless an intriguing piece of cinema.The film is undoubtedly too long. Still, it is an intriguing piece of cinema.Of course, huge chunks of the book have been sacrificed in order to make a two-hour movie, but it is nevertheless a successful piece of storytelling.Critics are wrong to argue that the film’s plot is too complicated. Certainly there are a couple of major twists, but audiences will have no difficulty following them.It is true that you cannot make a good movie without a good script, but it is equally true that a talented director can make a good script into an excellent film.It remains to be seen whether these two movies herald a new era of westerns, but there is no doubt that they represent welcome additions to the genre.Language Bank perhapsperhapsMaking an opinion sound less definite以不确定的语气表达意见Most cybercrime involves traditional crimes, such as theft and fraud, being committed in new ways. Phishing is perhaps/possibly/probably the best-known example of this.It seems/appears that the more personal data which organizations collect, the more opportunity there is for this data to be lost or stolen.It seems clear that introducing national ID cards would do little to prevent identity theft.It could be argued that the introduction of national ID cards might actually make identity theft easier.It is possible that/It may be that the only way to protect ourselves against DNA identity theft is to avoid the creation of national DNA databases.Extra ExamplesThe general argued for extending the ceasefire.They argued in favour of stricter punishments.She argued against a rise in interest rates.I would wish to argue that appreciation of the arts should be encouraged for its own sake.In her paper she goes on to argue that scientists do not yet know enough about the nature of the disease.It is possible to argue that the rules are too strict.The report argues convincingly that economic help should be given to these countries.You could easily argue that this policy will have no effect.Topics Opinion and argumentb1, Discussion and agreementb1Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverbforcefullypassionatelystrenuously…verb + arguewish tobe prepared toattempt to…prepositionagainstforin favour/​favor of…See full entry [transitive] argue something (formal) to show clearly that something exists or is true证明；表明These latest developments argue a change in government policy.最近的事态发展表明政府改变了政策。 Word OriginMiddle English: from Old French arguer, from Latin argutari ‘prattle’, frequentative of arguere ‘make clear, prove, accuse’.Idioms argue the toss (British English, informal) to continue to disagree about a decision, especially when it is too late to change it or it is not very important（对决定）徒然反对，作无谓的争执Topics Opinion and argumentc2 Phrasal Verbsargue into doingargue out of doingargue with

断词：ar‧gue

词源： argueargue：争吵来自词根arg, 白，同Argentine, 阿根廷，白银之国。争吵以辩白。

辨析： argue, reason, discuss, dispute, debate, quarrel 这组词都有“辩论，争论，说理”的意思，其区别是： argue: 指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和企图说服。 reason: 指据理力争以说服对方或求得对问题作更深入的研究。 discuss: 最常用词，指就某一或某些问题表明观点、看法等，以便统一认识，解决问题。 dispute: 侧重对分歧进行激烈或热烈的争论或争辩，带一定感情色彩，常隐含“各持已见”或“争论不休”意味。 debate: 侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式或公开的争辩。 quarrel: 指两人之间或两个团体之间不友好的、吵吵嚷嚷地大声争论某事，尤指“吵嘴、吵架”。

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：8

中文释义2：

正面：barely

US：[ˈbɛrlɪ]

UK：[ˈbeəli]

释义：adv.仅仅；几乎不；几乎没有；刚刚网络勉强；几乎不能；赤裸裸地

分布：barely[ˈbeəli]CET4CET6TEM4考研TOEFLIELTSr19832032319179488414634501322ADV3551313666Spoken:152329368几乎不(48%)，勉强(31%)，刚刚(15%)，少量地(6%)adv.仅仅，勉强；几乎不；公开地；贫乏地

中文释义：barely adverb  /ˈbeəli/ /ˈberli/  in a way that is just possible but only with difficulty仅仅；刚刚；勉强可能He could barely read and write.The music was barely audible.音乐声勉强能听见。She was barely able to stand.她勉强能站立。We barely had time to catch the train.我们差点没赶上火车。Topics Difficulty and failureb2  in a way that almost does not happen or exist几乎不；几乎没有She barely acknowledged his presence.她只略微向他打了个招呼。There was barely any smell.几乎没有什么气味。  just; certainly not more than (a particular amount, age, time, etc.)刚好；不超过（某个数量、年龄、时间等）Barely 50% of the population voted.仅有 50% 的人口投票。He was barely 20 years old and already running his own company.他只有 20 岁，却已经营起自己的公司了。They arrived barely a minute later.过了不到一分钟他们就到了。 only a very short time before刚才；刚刚I had barely started speaking when he interrupted me.我刚刚开始讲话，他便打断了我。Grammar Point hardly / scarcely / barely / no soonerhardly / scarcely / barely / no soonerHardly, scarcely and barely can all be used to say that something is only just true or possible. They are used with words like any and anyone, with adjectives and verbs, and are often placed between can, could, have, be, etc. and the main part of the verb:hardly、scarcely 和 barely 均可指刚刚、几乎不，与 any 和 anyone 等词以及形容词和动词连用，常置于 can、could、have、be 等和动词主要成分之间：They have sold scarcely any copies of the book.I barely recognized her.His words were barely audible.I can hardly believe it.I hardly can believe it.Hardly, scarcely and barely are negative words and should not be used with not or other negatives:I can’t hardly believe it.You can also use hardly, scarcely and barely to say that one thing happens immediately after another:亦可用 hardly、scarcely 和 barely 表示刚…就…：We had hardly/​scarcely/​barely sat down at the table, when the doorbell rang. In formal, written English, especially in a literary style, these words can be placed at the beginning of the sentence and then the subject and verb are turned around:在正式的书面语中，尤其在文学体中，上述各词可置于句首，然后将主语和动词的位置倒装：Hardly/​Scarcely had we sat down at the table, when the doorbell rang. Note that you usually use when in these sentences, not than. You can also use before:注意：在这类句子中通常用 when 而非 than，亦可用 before：I scarcely had time to ring the bell before the door opened. No sooner can be used in the same way, but is always used with than:no sooner 与上述词用法相同，但总与 than 连用：No sooner had we sat down at the table than the doorbell rang.Hardly and scarcely can be used to mean ‘almost never’, but barely is not used in this way:hardly 和 scarcely 可表示几乎从不、难得，但 barely 不这样用：She hardly (ever) sees her parents these days.She barely sees her parents these days.

断词：bare‧ly

词源： barelybarely：赤裸裸地，无遮蔽地；仅仅，勉强，几乎没有词根词缀： bare赤裸的 + -ly副词词尾

辨析： barely, scarcely, hardly 这组词都有“几乎不”的意思，其区别是： barely: 指仅仅够，一点不多，强调没有多余。 scarcely: 指不太充分，不太够，不足，不能令人满意，强调数量。 hardly: 指接近最低限度，差不多没有多余，强调困难和程度。

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：9

中文释义2：

正面：methane

US：[ˈmɛθɛn]

UK：[ˈmi:θeɪn]

释义：n.甲烷；沼气网络甲烷气；瓦斯；甲烷沼气

分布：methane[ˈmi:θeɪn]TEM8n114701400118191491175425NOUN1089246246Spoken:87231869甲烷(90%)，沼气(10%)n.[有化] 甲烷；[能源] 沼气

中文释义：methane noun /ˈmiːθeɪn/ /ˈmeθeɪn/[uncountable] (symbol CH4) a gas without colour or smell, that burns easily and is used as fuel. Natural gas consists mainly of methane甲烷；沼气.Oxford Collocations DictionaryMethane is used before these nouns: emissiongasSee full entryWord Originmid 19th cent.: from methyl + -ane.

断词：me‧thane

词源： methanemethane：甲烷，沼气mety-,甲基化，缩写自methyl,甲基，-ane,化学名词后缀，烷。俗称沼气。

辨析：

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：10

中文释义2：

正面：hierarchy

US：[ˈhaɪərɑrkɪ]

UK：[ˈhaɪərɑ:ki]

释义：n.层次体系；等级制度（尤指社会或组织）；统治集团网络层级；阶层；层次结构

分布：hierarchy[ˈhaɪərɑ:ki]CET6TEM8考研GRETOEFLIELTSn526152412512199084493414NOUN6619115681Spoken:104351419等级制度(68%)，统治集团(32%)n.层级；等级制度

中文释义：hierarchy noun OPAL W /ˈhaɪərɑːki/ /ˈhaɪərɑːrki/(plural hierarchies)  [countable, uncountable] a system, especially in a society or an organization, in which people are organized into different levels of importance from highest to lowest等级制度（尤指社会或组织）the social/political hierarchy社会／政治等级制度She's quite high up in the management hierarchy.她位居管理层要职。Extra ExamplesHe joined the party in 1966 and quickly moved up the hierarchy.She is above me in the hierarchy.There was a clear hierarchy of power in the company.At the bottom of the corporate hierarchy are part-time low-paid workers.In most large families there is a hierarchy of age, with the older siblings having more status.Why does there need to be such a strict hierarchy within the church?Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjectivecomplexrigidstrict…verb + hierarchycreatedevelopestablish…hierarchy + verbbe based on somethingprepositionin a/​the hierarchywithin a/​the hierarchyhierarchy of…phrasessomebody’s level, position, status, etc. in a hierarchySee full entry [countable + singular or plural verb] the group of people in control of a large organization or institution统治集团It was on orders from the party hierarchy that she dropped the investigation.Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjectivecomplexrigidstrict…verb + hierarchycreatedevelopestablish…hierarchy + verbbe based on somethingprepositionin a/​the hierarchywithin a/​the hierarchyhierarchy of…phrasessomebody’s level, position, status, etc. in a hierarchySee full entry [countable] (formal) a system that ideas or beliefs can be arranged into according to their importance层次体系a hierarchy of needs不同层次的需要 Word Originlate Middle English: via Old French and medieval Latin from Greek hierarkhia, from hierarkhēs ‘sacred ruler’, from hieros ‘sacred’ + arkhēs ‘ruler’. The earliest sense was ‘system of orders of angels and heavenly beings’; the other senses date from the 17th cent.

断词：hier‧ar‧chy

词源： hierarchy  1 hierarchy：等级制度，社会层级hier-,神圣性，僧侣，词源同hieratic,-arch,统治，管理，词源同archon,anarchy.原义为僧侣统治，神权统治，后引申词义社会层级，等级制度。  2 hierarchy：等级制度；统治集团，领导层来源于拉丁语中由hieros(神圣的)和arkhos(首领,统治者)组成的复合词hierarkhes。 词根词缀： hier神圣的 + -arch-统治 + -y名词词尾

辨析：

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：11

中文释义2：

正面：guidance

US：[ˈɡaɪdns]

UK：[ˈɡaɪdəns]

释义：n.指导；引导；导航；咨询网络领导；指引；向导

分布：guidance[ˈgaɪdns]CET4CET6TEM4考研n38998043744611148012203988NOUN2501519584Spoken:41276535指导(82%)，引导(15%)，导航(3%)n.指导，引导；领导

中文释义：guidance noun OPAL W /ˈɡaɪdns/ /ˈɡaɪdns/[uncountable]  guidance (on something) help or advice that is given to somebody, especially by somebody older or with more experience指导；引导；咨询guidance for teachers on how to use video in the classroom为教师提供的课堂录像教学指导 under the guidance of somebody Activities all take place under the guidance of an experienced tutor.所有活动都在经验丰富的导师指导下进行。The helpline was set up for young people in need of guidance and support. see also marriage guidanceExtra ExamplesGuidance must be given as to what tasks the learner should attempt.I think you should seek guidance from your lawyer on this matter.Parents need to provide their children with firm guidance.She prayed for divine guidance.The Careers Officer also offers guidance about university courses.The Safety Officer provides guidance on firefighting and office safety.The handbook gives helpful guidance on writing articles.These notes are for general guidance only.Volunteers are restoring the building under expert guidance.We can give guidance to students on which courses to choose.guidance about university degreesTopics Suggestions and advicec1Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjectivecleardetailedproper…verb + guidancegive (somebody)offer (somebody)provide (somebody with)…guidance + nouncounselorprepositionunder… guidance under the guidance  ofguidance  about…See full entry the process of controlling the direction of a rocket, etc., using electronic equipment（火箭等的）制导，导航a missile guidance system导弹制导系统

断词：guid‧ance

词源： guidanceguidance：引导，指导词根词缀： guide(e略)指南 + -ance名词词尾

辨析： guidance, assistance guidance: 指导，领导 assistance: 帮助，协助

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：12

中文释义2：

正面：easy-going

US：[ˌiziˈɡoɪŋ]

UK：[ˌi:zi:ˈgəʊɪŋ]

释义：adj.悠闲的；随和的；不慌不忙的网络容易相处的；脾气随和的；好相处的

分布：easy-going[ˌi:zi:'gəʊɪŋ]CET4随和的(100%)adj.随和的，容易相处的Spoken:23594377

中文释义：easy-going adjective /ˌiːzi ˈɡəʊɪŋ/ /ˌiːzi ˈɡəʊɪŋ/ relaxed and happy to accept things without worrying or getting angry悠闲的；随和的；不慌不忙的I wish I had such easy-going parents!Extra ExamplesHis friends described him as an easy-going person.My older brother is more easy-going.Normally he was relaxed and had an easy-going manner.She can be very firm when she wants to, although mostly she is so easy-going.There were comments about his easy-going approach to work.Topics Personal qualitiesb2Oxford Collocations DictionaryEasy-going is used with these nouns: personalitySee full entry

断词：ˌeasy-ˈgoing

词源：

辨析：

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：13

中文释义2：

正面：electrical

US：[ɪˈlektrɪkl]

UK：[ɪˈlektrɪkl]

释义：adj.电的；用电的；发电的网络电气；与电有关的；电气科学的

分布：electrical[ɪˈlektrɪkl]CET4CET6TEM4考研IELTSj381979256331036262414432189ADJ2640486225Spoken:35828220电的(57%)，与电有关的(43%)adj.有关电的；电气科学的

中文释义：electrical adjective  /ɪˈlektrɪkl/ /ɪˈlektrɪkl/ connected with electricity; using or producing electricity电的；用电的；发电的an electrical fault in the engine发动机的电路故障electrical equipment/appliances电气设备；电器electrical power/energy电力；电能Topics Physics and chemistrya2, Engineeringa2, Shoppinga2Oxford Collocations DictionaryElectrical is used with these nouns: activityapparatusappliance…See full entry

断词：e‧lec‧tri‧cal

词源： electricalelectrical：电的，电学的，用电的词根词缀： -electr-电 + -ical

辨析： electrical, electric, electronic 这三词都与电有关 electrical: 多指本身不产生电，但是与电有关的。如：electrical engineering(电机工程)；an electrical transcription(广播唱片) electric: 着重于发电的，电动的或导电的。如：electric generator(发电机)；electric light(电灯) electronic: 电子的，电子操作的。如：electronic engineering(电子工程学)

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：14

中文释义2：

正面：electronic

US：[ɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪk]

UK：[ɪlekˈtrɒnɪk]

释义：adj.电子的；电子器件的；电子设备的网络电子化；电子音乐；电子乐

分布：electronic[ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk]CET4CET6TEM4考研IELTSj24231505614361177456033754508ADJ1899726219Spoken:42686198电子的(71%)，电子学的(29%)adj.电子的n.电子电路；电子器件

中文释义：electronic adjective  /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk/ /ɪˌlekˈtrɑːnɪk/[usually before noun]   (of a device装置) having or using many small parts, such as microchips, that control and direct a small electric current电子的；电子器件的Airline passengers no longer have to turn off all electronic devices while on the plane.If my kids want fancy electronic gadgets, they have to earn the money for them.Sophisticated electronic calculators could give some students an unfair advantage.electrical and electronic equipmentelectronic voting machinesTopics Engineeringa2   done or produced by means of a computer or other electronic device电子设备的；电子器件的electronic dance musicelectronic medical recordselectronic communication/banking/paymentsThis dictionary is available in electronic form.本词典有电子版。an electronic book/edition/textThe advent of electronic media and the information age had a profound impact on social interaction and cultural identity. see also e-   involving or connected with electronic equipment电子设备的；电子器件的an electronic engineer电子工程师electronic engineeringelectronic circuitsElectronic and mechanical components don't last as long as they used to.Topics Engineeringa2 Word Originearly 20th cent.: from electron + -ic.

断词：e‧lec‧tron‧ic

词源： electronicelectronic：电子的词根词缀： -electr-电 + -on名词词尾,微粒子 + -ic形容词词尾,名词之后,属于

辨析： electrical, electric, electronic 这三词都与电有关 electrical: 多指本身不产生电，但是与电有关的。如：electrical engineering(电机工程)；an electrical transcription(广播唱片) electric: 着重于发电的，电动的或导电的。如：electric generator(发电机)；electric light(电灯) electronic: 电子的，电子操作的。如：electronic engineering(电子工程学)

正面音频：[音频]

所在组：Word List 1

序号：15

中文释义2：